Daftar Lengkap Simbol Matematika & Artinya

Konsep dalam matematika didasarkan pada hubungan angka dan simbol. Simbol-simbol dalam matematika ini digunakan untuk melakukan operasi bilangan matematika yang berbeda dan mewakili berbagai konsep matematika.

Simbol di bawah ini digunakan untuk merujuk besaran matematika dan membantu dengan penandaan yang mudah untuk disalin dan disematkan di web pada saat kita membuat postingan blog atau membuat soal melalui goolge form oleh guru.

Terdapat banyak simbol matematika yang diterapkan dalam konsep matematika, mulai dari penambahan dan pengurangan sederhana hingga operasi rumit seperti integrasi. Inilah alasan utama mengapa saya membuat daftar ini, agar ketika kita membutuhkan tinggal kita copy dari web ini.

Daftar simbol matematika

1. Simbol Matematika Dasar

Symbol	Symbol Name	Meaning / definition	Example
=	equals sign	equality	5 = 2+35 is equal to 2+3
≠	not equal sign	inequality	5 ≠ 45 is not equal to 4
≈	approximately equal	approximation	sin(0.01) ≈ 0.01,x ≈ y means x is approximately equal to y
>	strict inequality	greater than	5 > 45 is greater than 4
<	strict inequality	less than	4 < 54 is less than 5
≥	inequality	greater than or equal to	5 ≥ 4,x ≥ y means x is greater than or equal to y
≤	inequality	less than or equal to	4 ≤ 5,x ≤ y means x is less than or equal to y
( )	parentheses	calculate expressions inside first	2 × (3+5) = 16
[ ]	brackets	calculate expressions inside first	[(1+2)×(1+5)] = 18
+	plus sign	addition	1 + 1 = 2
−	minus sign	subtraction	2 − 1 = 1
±	plus - minus	both plus and minus operations	3 ± 5 = 8 or -2
±	minus - plus	both minus and plus operations	3 ∓ 5 = -2 or 8
*	asterisk	multiplication	2 * 3 = 6
×	times sign	multiplication	2 × 3 = 6
⋅	multiplication dot	multiplication	2 ⋅ 3 = 6
÷	division sign / obelus	division	6 ÷ 2 = 3
/	division slash	division	6 / 2 = 3
mod	modulo	remainder calculation	7 mod 2 = 1
.	period	decimal point, decimal separator	2.56 = 2+56/100
ab	power	exponent	23 = 8
a^b	caret	exponent	2 ^ 3 = 8
√a	square root	√a ⋅ √a = a	√9 = ±3
3√a	cube root	3√a ⋅ 3√a ⋅ 3√a = a	3√8 = 2
4√a	fourth root	4√a ⋅ 4√a ⋅ 4√a ⋅ 4√a = a	4√16 = ±2
n√a	n-th root (radical)	n/a	for n=3, n√8 = 2
%	percent	1% = 1/100	10% × 30 = 3
‰	per-mille	1‰ = 1/1000 = 0.1%	10‰ × 30 = 0.3
ppm	per-million	1ppm = 1/1000000	10ppm × 30 = 0.0003
ppb	per-billion	1ppb = 1/1000000000	10ppb × 30 = 3×10-7
ppt	per-trillion	1ppt = 10-12	10ppt × 30 = 3×10-10

2. Simbol Aljabar

Symbol	Symbol Name	Meaning / definition	Example
x	x variable	unknown value to find	when 2x = 4, then x = 2
≡	equivalence	identical to	n/a
≜	equal by definition	equal by definition	n/a
:=	equal by definition	equal by definition	n/a
~	approximately equal	weak approximation	11 ~ 10
≈	approximately equal	approximation	sin(0.01) ≈ 0.01
∝	proportional to	proportional to	y ∝ x when y = kx, k constant
∞	lemniscate	infinity symbol	n/a
≪	much less than	much less than	1 ≪ 1000000
≫	much greater than	much greater than	1000000 ≫ 1
( )	parentheses	calculate expression inside first	2 * (3+5) = 16
[ ]	brackets	calculate expression inside first	[(1+2)*(1+5)] = 18
{ }	braces	set	n/a
⌊x⌋	floor brackets	rounds number to lower integer	⌊4.3⌋ = 4
⌈x⌉	ceiling brackets	rounds number to upper integer	⌈4.3⌉ = 5
x!	exclamation mark	factorial	4! = 123*4 = 24
\| x \|	single vertical bar	absolute value	\| -5 \| = 5
f (x)	function of x	maps values of x to f(x)	f (x) = 3x+5
(f ∘ g)	function composition	(f ∘ g) (x) = f (g(x))	f (x)=3x,g(x)=x-1 ⇒(f ∘ g)(x)=3(x-1)
(a,b)	open interval	(a,b) = {x \| a < x < b}	x∈ (2,6)
[a,b]	closed interval	[a,b] = {x \| a ≤ x ≤ b}	x ∈ [2,6]
∆	delta	change / difference	∆t = t1 - t0
∆	discriminant	Δ = b2 - 4ac	n/a
∑	sigma	summation - sum of all values in range of series	∑ xi= x1+x2+...+xn
∑∑	sigma	double summation
∏	capital pi	product - product of all values in range of series	∏ xi=x1∙x2∙...∙xn
e	e constant / Euler's number	e = 2.718281828...	e = lim (1+1/x)x , x→∞
γ	Euler-Mascheroni constant	γ = 0.5772156649...	n/a
φ	golden ratio	golden ratio constant	n/a
π	pi constant	π = 3.141592654...is the ratio between the circumference and diameter of a circle	c = π⋅d = 2⋅π⋅r

3. Simbol Geometri

Symbol	Symbol Name	Meaning / definition	Example
∠	angle	formed by two rays	∠ABC = 30°
	measured angle	n/a	ABC = 30°
	spherical angle	n/a	AOB = 30°
∟	right angle	= 90°	α = 90°
°	degree	1 turn = 360°	α = 60°
deg	degree	1 turn = 360deg	α = 60deg
′	prime	arcminute, 1° = 60′	α = 60°59′
″	double prime	arcsecond, 1′ = 60″	α = 60°59′59″
	line	infinite line	n/a
AB	line segment	line from point A to point B	n/a
	ray	line that start from point A	n/a
	arc	arc from point A to point B	= 60°
⊥	perpendicular	perpendicular lines (90° angle)	AC ⊥ BC
∥	parallel	parallel lines	AB ∥ CD
≅	congruent to	equivalence of geometric shapes and size	∆ABC ≅ ∆XYZ
~	similarity	same shapes, not same size	∆ABC ~ ∆XYZ
Δ	triangle	triangle shape	ΔABC ≅ ΔBCD
\|x-y\|	distance	distance between points x and y	\| x-y \| = 5
π	pi constant	π = 3.141592654...is the ratio between the circumference and diameter of a circle	c = π⋅d = 2⋅π⋅r
rad	radians	radians angle unit	360° = 2π rad
^c	radians	radians angle unit	360° = 2π ^c
grad	gradians / gons	grads angle unit	360° = 400 grad
^g	gradians / gons	grads angle unit	360° = 400 ^g

4. Set Simbol Teori

Symbol	Symbol Name	Meaning / definition	Example
{ }	set	a collection of elements	A = {3,7,9,14}, B = {9,14,28}
\|	such that	so that	A = {x \| x∈ $\mathbb{R}$ , x<0}
A⋂B	intersection	objects that belong to set A and set B	A ⋂ B = {9,14}
A⋃B	union	objects that belong to set A or set B	A ⋃ B = {3,7,9,14,28}
A⊆B	subset	A is a subset of B. set A is included in set B.	{9,14,28} ⊆ {9,14,28}
A⊂B	proper subset / strict subset	A is a subset of B, but A is not equal to B.	{9,14} ⊂ {9,14,28}
A⊄B	not subset	set A is not a subset of set B	{9,66} ⊄ {9,14,28}
A⊇B	superset	A is a superset of B. set A includes set B	{9,14,28} ⊇ {9,14,28}
A⊃B	proper superset / strict superset	A is a superset of B, but B is not equal to A.	{9,14,28} ⊃ {9,14}
A⊅B	not superset	set A is not a superset of set B	{9,14,28} ⊅ {9,66}
2^A	power set	all subsets of A	n/a
$\mathcal{P}(A)$	power set	all subsets of A	n/a
A=B	equality	both sets have the same members	A={3,9,14}, B={3,9,14}, A=B
A^c	complement	all the objects that do not belong to set A	n/a
A'	complement	all the objects that do not belong to set A	n/a
A\B	relative complement	objects that belong to A and not to B	A = {3,9,14}, B = {1,2,3}, A \ B = {9,14}
A-B	relative complement	objects that belong to A and not to B	A = {3,9,14}, B = {1,2,3}, A - B = {9,14}
A∆B	symmetric difference	objects that belong to A or B but not to their intersection	A = {3,9,14}, B = {1,2,3}, A ∆ B = {1,2,9,14}
A⊖B	symmetric difference	objects that belong to A or B but not to their intersection	A = {3,9,14}, B = {1,2,3}, A ⊖ B = {1,2,9,14}
a∈A	element of, belongs to	set membership	A={3,9,14}, 3 ∈ A
x∉A	not element of	no set membership	A={3,9,14}, 1 ∉ A
(a,b)	ordered pair	collection of 2 elements	n/a
A×B	cartesian product	set of all ordered pairs from A and B	n/a
\|A\|	cardinality	the number of elements of set A	A={3,9,14}, \|A\|=3
#A	cardinality	the number of elements of set A	A={3,9,14}, #A=3
	aleph-null	infinite cardinality of natural numbers set	n/a
	aleph-one	cardinality of countable ordinal numbers set	n/a
Ø	empty set	Ø = {}	A = Ø
$\mathbb{U}$	universal set	set of all possible values	n/a
$\mathbb{N}$ ₀	natural numbers / whole numbers set (with zero)	₀ = {0,1,2,3,4,...}	0 ∈ $\mathbb{N}$ ₀
$\mathbb{N}$ ₁	natural numbers / whole numbers set (without zero)	$\mathbb{N}$ ₁ = {1,2,3,4,5,...}	6 ∈ $\mathbb{N}$ ₁
$\mathbb{Z}$	integer numbers set	$\mathbb{Z}$ = {...-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,...}	-6 ∈ $\mathbb{Z}$
$\mathbb{Q}$	rational numbers set	$\mathbb{Q}$ = {x \| x=a/b, a,b∈ $\mathbb{Z}$ and b≠0}	2/6 ∈ $\mathbb{Q}$
$\mathbb{R}$	real numbers set	$\mathbb{R}$ = {x \| -∞ < x <∞}	6.343434 ∈ $\mathbb{R}$
$\mathbb{C}$	complex numbers set	$\mathbb{C}$ = {z \| z=a+bi, -∞<a<∞, -∞<b<∞}	6+2i ∈ $\mathbb{C}$

5. Simbol Kalkulus & Analisis

Symbol	Symbol Name	Meaning / definition	Example
$lim_{x\to x0}f(x)$	limit	limit value of a function	n/a
ε	epsilon	represents a very small number, near zero	ε → 0
e	e constant / Euler's number	e = 2.718281828...	e = lim (1+1/x)^x , x→∞
y '	derivative	derivative - Lagrange's notation	(3x³)' = 9x²
y ''	second derivative	derivative of derivative	(3x³)'' = 18x
y⁽ⁿ⁾	nth derivative	n times derivation	(3x³)⁽³⁾ = 18
$\frac{dy}{dx}$	derivative	derivative - Leibniz's notation	d(3x³)/dx = 9x²
$\frac{d^2y}{dx^2}$	second derivative	derivative of derivative	d²(3x³)/dx² = 18x
$\frac{d^ny}{dx^n}$	nth derivative	n times derivation	n/a
$\dot{y}$	time derivative	derivative by time - Newton's notation	n/a
	time second derivative	derivative of derivative	n/a
D_xy	derivative	derivative - Euler's notation	n/a
D_x²y	second derivative	derivative of derivative	n/a
$\frac{\partial f(x,y)}{\partial x}$	partial derivative	n/a	∂(x²+y²)/∂x = 2x
∫	integral	opposite to derivation	∫ f(x)dx
∬	double integral	integration of function of 2 variables	∫∫ f(x,y)dxdy
∭	triple integral	integration of function of 3 variables	∫∫∫ f(x,y,z)dxdydz
∮	closed contour / line integral	n/a	n/a
∯	closed surface integral	n/a	n/a
∰	closed volume integral	n/a	n/a
[a,b]	closed interval	[a,b] = {x \| a ≤ x ≤ b}	n/a
(a,b)	open interval	(a,b) = {x \| a < x < b}	n/a
i	imaginary unit	i ≡ √-1	z = 3 + 2i
z*	complex conjugate	z = a+bi → z*=a-bi	z* = 3 + 2i
z	complex conjugate	z = a+bi → z = a-bi	z = 3 + 2i
∇	nabla / del	gradient / divergence operator	∇f (x,y,z)
	vector	n/a	n/a
	unit vector	n/a	n/a
x * y	convolution	y(t) = x(t) * h(t)	n/a
	Laplace transform	F(s) = {f (t)}	n/a
	Fourier transform	X(ω) = {f (t)}	n/a
δ	delta function	n/a	n/a
∞	lemniscate	infinity symbol	n/a